Study on the Evolution of Population Distribution Pattern and Sustainable Urbanization in Qinghai Province

Population evolution and urbanization are key variables affecting the construction and sustainable development of the ecological security barrier on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Based on a detailed description of the development trend, spatial distribution pattern and evolution of population and urbanization in Qinghai Province from 1982 to 2020, this paper studies the main problems of urbanization development in Qinghai Province and the countermeasures to promote sustainable urbanization. The study found that the rapid development of urbanization in Qinghai Province in the past 38 years is becoming the core factor to promote the evolution of Qinghai' s population pattern. However, the urban population is excessively concentrated in the provincial capital city, resulting in “one city is the largest”, the second and third tier towns are small in scale and number, and the urban system structure is unreasonable. The development of key urban areas is constrained by the ecological environment, and faces the serious shortage of construction land and the constraints of canyon topography and geomorphology, and the pressure of ecological protection is great. The regional development of urbanization is unbalanced, and the integration of urban and rural areas is difficult. On the basis of protecting the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and promoting the “win-win situation” of people' s livelihood and well-being, the research proposes to build a threetier plateau characteristic urban system with “central city of the province and four county towns in the region” as the main task, build a characteristic green industry system, build a clean city, and build a new model of immigration and urbanization in the Sanjiangyuan region, and to comprehensively promote the sustainable urbanization development in the province.