Assessing Antenatal and Clinical Profile in Late Preterm and Term Neonate

Background: Late preterm neonates (34⁰/₇–36⁶/₇ weeks) are often presumed to be as healthy as term neonates (≥37⁰/₇ weeks), but they face increased risks due to physiological immaturity. Maternal and antenatal factors significantly influence neonatal outcomes, especially in resource-limited settings. We aimed to assess and compare the clinical and antenatal profiles of late preterm and term neonates. Methods: A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted over 12 months at Rohilkhand Medical College, Bareilly. Seventy-six neonates were enrolled—38 in each group. Maternal and neonatal data were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results: Late preterm neonates had significantly lower birth weight, APGAR scores, and a higher NICU admission rate. Maternal risk factors like PROM and infection were more common among them. Neonatal complications such as jaundice and respiratory issues were notably higher. Conclusion: Late preterm neonates exhibit increased morbidity linked to identifiable antenatal risk factors, emphasizing the need for enhanced perinatal monitoring. Key words: Late Preterm Infant; Term Neonate; Neonatal Intensive Care; Pregnancy Complications; Perinatal Outcome