BURDEN AND MANAGEMENT OF MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS OF AGE

Child malnutrition has continued to be one of the major issues in contemporary global health despite efforts to address the problem. This malnutrition in its various forms, stunting, wasting, underweight, micronutrient deficiencies, and over nutrition which is emerging as an issue of concern affects the child mortality as well as the child’s development. According to the global health institution, World Health Organization, malnutrition alone kills nearly 45 % of children less than five years of age, that is more than three million, every year. This paper discusses the current status of malnutrition in children under the age of five and the possible risk factors together with ways which are implemented in order to treat the problem. This cross-sectional study carried out in the rural and peri-urban settings assesses the sociodemographic characteristics, feeding patterns, morbidity, and health care status in relation to malnutrition. Main outcomes indicate a high prevalence of stunting and wasting and vulnerabilities associated with mother’s education level, food insecurity, and health facility access. Despite progress in the reduction of stunting rate, food insecurity, and IYCF [Infant and Young Child Feeding practices] continues to be an issue. The research also identifies education, health, and nutrition programs as key areas for multi sectoral focus in efforts to address the scourge of malnutrition. In conclusion, the present observation highlights the need to tackle malnutrition in a practical and sustainable manner by tackling the health, food insecurity, and education sectors simultaneously.