Evaluation of mass mercury poisoning cases occurring in a center in Türkiye: symptomatology, treatment methods, and follow-up processes

Mercury (Hg) is a toxic heavy metal with extensive applications. In children, mercury exposure often occurs inadvertently through laboratories, thermometers, or fluorescent lamps. Inhalation of elemental mercury can affect the central nervous system and urinary system. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent severe complications. A retrospective evaluation was conducted on 82 pediatric cases of mercury poisoning who presented to Bingöl State Hospital on January 15, 2020. Blood and urine mercury levels were measured. Patients with mercury levels > 10 μg/L received intravenous treatment with 2,3-dimercaptopropane sulfonic acid (DMPS) for 5 days. Plasma and urine mercury levels were analyzed before and after treatment. Adverse effects of treatment and follow-up processes were also examined. Of the patients, 43.9% were female, and 56.1% were male, with a mean age of 9.4 ± 3.2 years. A total of 42.7% of cases were symptomatic, with headache being the most common symptom (26.8%). Significant reductions in blood and urine mercury levels were observed after treatment (p < 0.001). Adverse effects of the drug were reported in 43.9% of cases, with nausea (50%) and itching (25%) being the most frequent.Conclusion: Chelation therapy was effective in significantly reducing mercury levels in cases of mercury poisoning. Adverse effects must be carefully managed, and long-term follow-up is essential. This study provides significant contributions to the literature on mass mercury poisoning cases.