A Retrospective Study on Type-II Diabetes Mellitus in a Multispeciality Hospital: Management Strategies and Complication Assessment

The increasing number of diabetic patients each day is a concerning situation, as serious complications like renal failure and heart attacks are associated with the disease. Type-2 diabetes is more prevalent in the elderly, constituting about 80–90% of diabetic patients. Hence the present Study was intended to assess demography, associated complication and management strategy of diabetes mellitus in General Medicine department of private hospital. Over the course of six months, the study was conducted in a multispecialty hospital with 250 beds. Patients with diabetes mellitus for longer than two years were included in the research. The inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in the inclusion of 200 patients overall. The 58 percent of studied population had an average age in between 50 and 60 years. 67 percent of the patients with diabetes mellitus were men, and 33% were women. Selected patient data were evaluated for Type-2 diabetes-associated complications, Nephropathy (47.50%) was found as the main associated complication followed by neuropathy (13.50%), foot ulcer (17.50 %), and retinopathy (12.50%). The most common macrovascular complication when compared was coronary artery disease (CAD), which was followed by hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetic ketoacidosis. Compared to other oral hypoglycemic drugs like Glipizide, Vildagliptin, Sitagliptin, etc., metformin was prescribed more frequently (36%). Majority of patients have been on medication therapy for the past six years. According to the findings of this study, the most common complication among selected cases of type-II diabetes was nephropathy. Compared to female patients, male patients experienced greater complications and metformin was a commonly given single treatment in diabetic people.