Evaluating Proactive Strategies against Drug Trafficking and Money Laundering in Nigeria: A Critical Analysis of the Buba Marwa Model and Its Implications for National Security and Economic Development

This study critically evaluates proactive strategies employed to combat drug trafficking and money laundering in Nigeria, specifically assessing the efficacy and implications of the Buba Marwa Model. Under Mohammed Buba Marwa’s leadership since 2021, the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) adopted rigorous, intelligence-led operations, enhanced inter-agency cooperation, and community-centred preventive education to tackle these interconnected crimes. Utilising a qualitative methodology, including content analysis of official reports and thematic analysis of interviews with key stakeholders, the research reveals significant improvements, notably heightened drug seizures and dismantling of illicit financial networks. Despite these gains, persistent challenges such as insufficient funding, and socio-economic vulnerabilities impede sustained effectiveness. The study situates these findings within Routine Activity and Deterrence Theories, highlighting the necessity of increasing enforcement capabilities, regulatory rigor, and community empowerment. The analysis emphasises the critical importance of robust institutional reforms, regional and international collaboration, and policy initiatives addressing economic inequalities. In Conclusion, the Marwa Model demonstrates significant potential for improving Nigeria's national security and economic stability but requires sustained political commitment and comprehensive strategies to achieve lasting impacts.