Amorphous-Nanocrystalline Fluorinated Halide Electrolytes with High Ionic Conductivity and High-Voltage Stability
All-solid-state sodium-ion batteries (ASSSIBs) offer a cost-effective, scalable alternative to rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, but their advancement requires solid electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical stability, and robust interfacial compatibility. Here, a fluorine-doped halide solid electrolyte (2NaF-ZrCl<sub>4</sub>, 2-NFZC) featuring an amorphous-nanocrystalline structure with high ionic conductivity (2.35 × 10<sup>-4</sup> S cm<sup>-1</sup> at 25 °C) and good high-voltage stability is presented. Fluorine doping in 2-NFZC promotes Zr-F bonding with limited Na-F interaction, which facilitates fast Na-ion transport through disordered regions and the NaF/amorphous phase interface. Paired with a NaNi<sub>1/3</sub>Fe<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cathode, a Na<sub>15</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> anode, and a Na<sub>3</sub>PS<sub>4</sub> anode interlayer, the all-solid-state cell with the 2-NFZC electrolyte demonstrates a discharged capacity of 137.1 mAh g<sup>-1</sup>, 81.1% capacity retention over 600 cycles, and suppressed interfacial side reactions. These findings highlight the potential of fluorine doping in designing advanced solid electrolytes for high-performance all-solid-state Na-ion batteries.
Authors
- Sidong Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6310-6155)
- Nan Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3100-199X)
- Nicholas S. Grundish (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-6734)
- Lihai Zhou
- Yutao Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0798-6880)
- Weiping Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-3094)
- Bing Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3747-3413)
- Xuefeng Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9666-8942)
- Pengfei Ren (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0216-3937)
- Weidong Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3764-8498)
Institutions
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- China University of Mining and Technology (CN)
- Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute (CN)
- FZU ‒ Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CZ)
- National Laboratory for Superconductivity (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Beijing Advanced Sciences and Innovation Center (CN)
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (CN)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Published
- 2025-04-23
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c18090
- Citations
- 26
- Primary Topic
- Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 18.99
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation