IMPACT OF TIN/COLUMBITE MINING ON SOIL QUALITY AND CROP YIELDS IN NASARAWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

This study examines the impact of tin/columbite mining on soil quality and crop yields in nasarawa local government area, nasarawa state, nigeria, adopting a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative research designs to comprehensively investigate the impact of tin/columbite mining on soil quality, agricultural practices, and livelihoods, while secondary data were drawn from existing literature and government reports. Field observations and soil quality index calculations provided a quantitative measure of soil health, while surveys and interviews with local farmers captured the socio-economic impacts of mining on agricultural practices and livelihoods. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, including t-tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis. Findings highlight significant deterioration in soil quality in mining-impacted areas, characterized by increased acidity, reduced organic matter, and elevated levels of heavy metals beyond permissible limits. These changes correlate strongly with observed declines in crop yield, particularly for staples such as maize, yam, and groundnut. The study underscores the urgent need for sustainable mining practices, land rehabilitation efforts, and policy interventions to safeguard soil health and enhance food security in the region.