A new coumarin from <i>Tridax procumbens</i> L. as potential anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant agent and its molecular docking study

A study investigated the phytochemical constituent of the methanol extract from the aerial part of <i>T. procumbens</i> L. The investigation resulted in the identification of a new coumarin. A novel coumarin compound was successfully isolated using the silica gel column chromatographic technique and various spectroscopic methods were employed to elucidate its structure. Isolated new coumarin was evaluated for its cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. The isolated coumarin exhibited cytotoxicity IC₅₀ values of 4.92 and 5.99 µg/mL against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-249 cell lines, respectively, in the MTT assay. Additionally, the compound demonstrated notable antioxidant activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 1.36 µg/mL (<i>p < 0.05</i>). The antimicrobial evaluation revealed MIC values of 125 µg/mL against <i>S. aureus</i> and 31.5 µg/mL against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. This activity is strongly supported by an <i>in silico</i> study. Further studies are required to determine its effectiveness as an antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial agent.