Individual-based crowd dynamics with social interaction

This paper considers individual-based crowd dynamics with social interaction. The investigation entails interpreting pedestrians as active particles. Besides the mechanical variables, typically position and velocity, an activity variable is introduced into the modeling framework, which represents the evolving psychological states of pedestrians. The dynamics of the activity variable can interact with that of the mechanical variables thus affecting the interaction rules. This approach is useful for describing heterogeneous behavioral features in crowds, especially, the dynamics of pedestrians with evolving psychological states.