Pyrethroid Ingestion With Brain and Heart Involvement: A Case Report

Insecticides have great efficacy and are used in homes and agricultural fields across the globe, including pyrethrins and their synthetic equivalents, or pyrethroids. Among their compounds are deltamethrin and imiprothrin, which are present in many insecticide sprays. Humans can become toxically exposed to them through ingestion, skin contact, or inadvertent inhalation. In humans, gastrointestinal and neurotoxic side effects are frequently observed in cases of acute oral intoxication. Although they have not been well documented up to this point, pyrethroids have occasionally caused cardiotoxic consequences after consumption. This case describes a deliberate instance of pyrethroid ingestion that resulted in acute symptoms such as persistent tachycardia and a reduction in the level of consciousness. The patient underwent intensive care follow-up with a favorable outcome. Comparing our case with the available literature highlighted how rare cardiac involvement is in pyrethroid toxicity and emphasized the need for further research to verify the exact mechanism of its effects.