Antibacterial and Antioxidant [ Peroxynitrite and Singlet Oxygen Scavenging ] Capacities of Rosmarinus officinalis, L. and Screening Its Natural Chemical Constitutes

The antioxidant compounds found in herbs and plants include both vitamins (E and C) and glutathione together with enzymes and phenolic compounds. The aromatic plant from Lamiaceae family which originates from Mediterranean areas is known scientifically as Rosmarinus officinalis L. Nineteen peaks in the GC-MS chromatogram identified the present chemicals. The compounds mentioned are Octacosanol, D-alpha-Tocopherol, 9,13-dimethylnonacosane, n-Hentriacontane, 2-Pinene, L-Camphene, beta-Myrcene, n-Dotriacontane, beta-Amyrin, Lupeone, 1,8-Cineol, Alpha-Phellandrene, Limonene, Dolcymene, Alpha-Terpinene, Eugenol, Thymol, Carvacrol methyl ether and 3-Thujen-2-one. The current study examined the bioactivity of the Ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis , L. and the standard antibiotics CFO – Cefoxitin, EI - Erytromycin, and GN - Gentamicin against seven tested pathogens: Enterococcus faecalis (19.08±0.08, 26.11±0.07, 28.91±0.07, and 20.00±0.06), Escherichia coli (20.54±0.08, 24.00±0.05, 27.9±0.07 and 18.95±0.07), Bacillus subtilis (15.07±0.08, 25.00±0.07, 24.98±0.07 and 27.65±0.07). Staphylococcus aureus (13.19±0.06, 27.11±0.13, 21.00±0.09 and 16.00±0.08). Staphylococcus epidermidis (10.94±0.05, 18.00±0.09, 14.06±0.07, and 20.98±0.09). Streptococcus pyogenes (12.50±0.05, 18.45±0.09, 20.00±0.08 and 20.61±0.11). The metabolites of Rosmarinus officinalis exhibited significant activity against Escherichia coli (20.54±0.08).