Assessment of Nursing Staff Knowledge Regarding Thalassemia in Pediatric Departments of Mosul City Hospitals

Background: Thalassemia, a hereditary hemoglobinopathy caused by genetic defects in hemoglobin synthesis, remains a significant public health concern globally. Nurses play a vital role in managing pediatric thalassemia, yet knowledge gaps may hinder care quality. Objectives This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge among nurses working in pediatric departments of Mosul city hospitals regarding thalassemia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 pediatric nurses across three hospitals in Mosul, using a 27-item structured questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Results: Nurses demonstrated moderate overall knowledge. Symptom recognition had the highest correct response rate (68%), while significant deficits were found in treatment protocols (64%), genetic transmission (58%), and patient education (54%). Approximately 18% of nurses scored below 50%, indicating weak knowledge. Conclusion: Although basic knowledge of thalassemia symptoms exists, critical gaps remain in areas essential for patient safety and education. Targeted training programs are urgently needed to strengthen nursing capacity and improve pediatric outcomes in resource-limited settings.