Multi-objective optimization of process parameters for laser cladding of Cr3C2/15-5PH composite coatings on 20CrMnTi using RSM-CMOPSO-EWM-CV

The process parameters of laser cladding have a significant impact on the surface morphology and properties of composite coating. However, selecting appropriate process parameters is challenging due to the complex interrelationship and multiple influencing factors involved. To reveal the influence of the process parameters of laser cladding on the quality characteristics of composite coatings and to identify the optimal portfolio of these parameters for producing high-quality Cr 3 C 2 /15-5PH composite coatings, a multi-objective optimization method based on RSM-CMOPSO-EWM-CV is proposed. Firstly, a four-factor five-level center composite design experiment scheme was developed to prepare Cr 3 C 2 /15-5PH composite coating by laser cladding on the surface of 20CrMnTi. Using the experimental results, response surface models were established for dilution rate, surface flatness, and microhardness. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess how these process parameters affect each characteristic. Subsequently, the CMOPSO algorithm was employed to optimize the process parameters in order to obtain a Pareto solution set. The EWM-CV comprehensive evaluation decision-making method was then applied to rank this Pareto solution set and determine the most effective optimization scheme. The feasibility of the proposed method was validated by conducting experiments on the optimal portfolio of process parameters of laser cladding. This research provides a viable solution for optimizing the process parameters of composite coatings.