Explainable AI-based Detection and Interpretation of Abnormalities in Chest X-rays

Chest X-ray images are widely used in diagnosing medical conditions, however, due to radiologist fatigue and shortage of resources the possibility of spotting peculiarities increases. This work proposes an explainable AI system to identify, quantify, and explain the pathology found in chest x-ray images. It builds credibility, enhances medical judgment, and reflects efficient utilization of radiology assets. This study used ResNet for the chest X-ray image classification and compared it with other related models like EfficientNetB0, DenseNet, VGGNet, and MobileNet. ResNet had the best AUC value of 0.826 thereby garnering it the best classification accuracy hence validating its selection as the main model. Moreover, ResNet adapted explainability to provide visual and textual interpretations and to classify diseases where such actionable insights could improve the reliability of diagnosis and patient outcomes.