Technical methods of post-harvesting pea grain in the production conditions of an agricultural producer

Every year, an increase in the gross grain harvest of various crops is recorded, which obliges the agricultural producer to provide conditions for its prompt and high-quality post-harvesting. Due to the high workload of elevators, many agricultural producers independently equip their material and technical base with specialized equipment and facilities. Peas belong to a fragile crop, the repeated movement of which is undesirable. The organization of harvesting and post-harvesting of pea grain differs from grain and oilseed crops. The purpose of the research is to explore alternative options for post-harvesting pea grains in the conditions of an agricultural producer's production site and to conduct a comparative analysis of the quality of the products obtained at the outlet. Materials on the organization of the grain post-harvesting procedure were presented according to three possible schemes: 1 – hot air drying in the process of active ventilation of the floor storage warehouse; 2 – cleaning on the OVS-25 grain cleaner; 3 – bringing it to baseline in a stationary elevator (reference). We selected technical equipment to ensure active ventilation, and presented the characteristics of specialized equipment. A scheme of active ventilation in a floor storage warehouse for high-quality post-harvesting of pea grain has been proposed. This method of post-harvesting pea grain is recommended for seed preparation, since there is no damage to the grain, and the temperature conditions do not exceed 32 ° C, which does not worsen the seed quality and is favorable for long-term storage of grain of any category of destination. The efficiency of the grain post-harvesting carried out with the help of active ventilation in terms of “moisture and grain admixture” is high. However, this option is not suitable for processing a large volume of grain. The post-harvesting of the pea grain according to scheme 2 was carried out on the OVS-25 grain cleaning equipment under current conditions. As a result of a single cleaning of freshly harvested grain, a decrease in weed admixture by 1.0 % and a decrease in the mass fraction of water by 0.5 % was observed. When drying grain according to the reference scheme, a decrease in the content of the mass fraction of water is possible according to any specified requirements. It was noted that the output of finished products (a batch of pea grains) increased the content of grain impurities by 2.0 %. The economics of grain post-harvesting were calculated according to all the proposed schemes. The quality control of grain post-harvesting was carried out under laboratory conditions in accordance with GOST 30483. The conclusions and submitted proposals for production were drawn up.