IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR TRANSFER CONTAINER FLOW WITH GRAIN CARGO WHEN TRANSPORTED BY RAILWAY

A statistical analysis was conducted, which showed that the state's logistics system has adapted to the conditions of martial law and over the past two years there has been a stable annual growth in container cargo transportation by 30 %. The share of export logistics chains involving land border crossings has reached 64 %, which makes the problem of interaction between adjacent modes of transport relevant.The current trend is the transportation of grain cargo in containers: in 2021, the share of grain was 8 %, and in 2024 it increased to 39 % of the total container turnover. It was established that the total need for container processing at land interstate crossings is on average 47 % of the available processing capacity of border container terminals. In order to reduce queues at border crossings from wagons loaded with grain cargo, it was proposed to transport part of the grain cargo flow in containers.Studies of the peculiarities of the functioning of the border container grain terminal showed that, regardless of its type, there are functional areas similar in terms of container processing technology. Their difference lies only in the processing capacity of functional areas, which is determined by the capacity of vehicles with grain, the number of equipment involved and the useful area of the terminal.Insufficient processing capacity of border grain container terminals leads to the formation of queues of vehicles, which leads to financial losses. The components of unproductive downtime of vehicles have been analyzed. It has been proven that the technological option of transporting grain cargo in containers is more economically advantageous than the options for transportation by road and in grain wagons of the CTL in season. When transporting grain in its own grain wagons and in CTL wagons in the off-season, the container transportation option is advantageous when the waiting time in the queue is up to 5 days. The application of the proposed approaches is expected to be improved by taking into account the stochastic nature of technological parameters, and used as a decision support system for operational workers and logisticians.