IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF HEAT PUMPS FOR THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE

The article analyzes the temperature modes of operation of modern heat pump equipment. The temperature range of the outside air, at which heat pumps of the most common classes work effectively, is limited. It is important to modernize the design of heat pump equipment in order to expand the limits of its application. Air-to-water heat pumps are most suitable for use as heat sources for heating residential, office and administrative buildings. At the same time, the energy efficiency class of buildings must not be lower than "C". The amplitude of outdoor air temperatures in the cold period of the year goes beyond the operational capabilities of standard models, limiting their effectiveness. In order to increase the energy and economic attractiveness of the use of heat pumps in heating systems, it is necessary to expand the temperature limits of their use. The temperature mode of operation of heat pumps must correspond to the temperature schedule of the heating system. To do this, it is proposed to reduce the temperature difference of freon and air, increase the amount of air passing through the installation, and use intermediate vapor injection technologies and smooth inverter control technology to increase the cooling coefficient. In addition, the possibility of using a heat/cold accumulator based on the "water-ice" phase transition is considered to provide lowtemperature heat during periods when the external temperature exceeds the temperature limits of the heat pump operation. A correlation of the temperature capabilities of modern heat pump technology with the requirements for the temperature parameters of the coolant of various types of heating systems was obtained. It is shown that there are quite noticeable restrictions on the use of one or another compressor-type heat pump in relation to the type of devices used in heating systems. Formulated measures with the help of which it is possible to expand the temperature range of operation of heat pumps. A modification of the heat pump design is proposed in order to use standard heat/cold accumulators with a phase transition.