KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES REGARDING BREAST SELF EXAMINATION AMONG FEMALES NURSING STUDENTS

Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women globally, with early detection playing a critical role in reducing mortality. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a cost-effective and accessible method for early detection, particularly in resource-limited settings. Despite its importance, studies indicate poor adherence to BSE practices among women, even those in health professions. Evaluating knowledge and practice levels in future nurses is essential for guiding effective educational interventions. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge and practices regarding breast self-examination among undergraduate female nursing students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2023 at Lahore School of Nursing, University of Lahore. A total of 87 female nursing students from semesters 2, 4, and 6 were recruited using convenience sampling. A structured, validated questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, BSE knowledge, and practices. Knowledge scores were categorized as poor (<50%), fair (50–75%), or good (>75%), while practice scores were labeled as competent (>75%) or incompetent (<75%). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 with descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests for associations. Results: Among the 87 participants, 23 (26.4%) had poor knowledge, 53 (60.9%) had fair knowledge, and 11 (12.6%) had good knowledge. Practice levels were suboptimal, with 66 participants (75.9%) classified as having incompetent practices and only 21 (24.1%) demonstrating competent BSE practices. No significant association was found between demographic factors and knowledge or practice levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: While most students showed fair knowledge of BSE, their practical engagement remained limited. Strengthening BSE training and awareness within nursing curricula is crucial to empower future nurses as both practitioners and educators of breast health.