Reduction in lung injury in an experimental ischemia-reperfusion model with tranexamic acid: A biochemical and histopathological assessment

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing lung injury associated with ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Materials and methods: Twenty-three male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 2-3 months and weighing 250±30 g) were divided into three groups: sham, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, and tranexamic acid (TA) groups. The rats in the IR and TA groups underwent abdominal aortic clamping for 1 h, followed by 2 h of reperfusion. The TA group received 100 mg/kg tranexamic acid intravenously before clamping. Biochemical and histological evaluations were performed. Results: Compared to those in the sham group, the plasma myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and serum ischemia-modified albumin levels in the IR group were significantly higher, indicating oxidative stress. Compared to those in the IR group, the ischemia-modified albumin levels in the TA group were significantly lower. Histopathological analysis revealed lung damage in the IR group, which was reduced in the TA group, although the difference was not significant. Conclusion: Tranexamic acid reduces oxidative stress and local inflammatory responses, mitigating lung reperfusion injury. However, further studies are needed to explore its efficacy in different models and at different doses.