Co-administration of Vitamin E and Quercetin Ameliorates Sodium Fluoride-induced Toxicities in Wistar Rats

High dosages of fluoride have damaging effects on humans and animals. This study examined the beneficial role of co-administration of quercetin and vitamin E on sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced toxicities in Wistar rats because there are few documented reports on the synergistic effect of these two compounds' ameliorative properties against NaF-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. For this investigation, thirty adult Wistar rats were randomized into five groups with six rats in each group, and they were allowed to acclimate for fourteen days. While groups three, four, and five received 18 mg/kg b.w. of sodium flouride and after 14 days were given quercetin, vitamin E, and quercetin-vitamin combination for 21 days respectively, Group 1 received sodium flouride for 14 days at dosage of 18 mg/kg b.w. and group 2 received feed and water only for the duration of the study. Liver function, creatinine, urea, lipid profile, and oxidative stress indicators were assessed. According to the findings, giving soduim flouride (18 mg/kg b.w.) for two weeks caused reactive oxygen species to be produced and the oxidant and antioxidant balance system to be upset, which in turn caused hepatic and renal damage. The findings also showed that vitamin E, quercetin, and quercetin-vitamin E combination amplified serum levels of albumin, conjugated bilirubin, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, hepatic tissue levels of reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities while decreasing serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, hepatic tissue levels of malondialdehyde, and serum levels of total bilirubin, high-density lipoproteins, total cholesterol, urea, and creatinine. Overall, the results showed that quercetin and vitamin E can reduce toxicity caused by sodium flouride, but that the combined effects of their co-administration are more potent.