Leveraging Digital Surveillance Technologies for Managing Border Porosity and Enhancing Revenue Collection in Kenya

Border porosity remains a significant challenge in Kenya, particularly along the Kenya-Uganda borderline, leading to revenue leakages, illegal trade, and security threats. Traditional border management approaches have proven inadequate in curbing smuggling and enhancing revenue collection. This study explores how digital surveillance technologies can strengthen border control, increase revenue collection, and promote sustainable economic growth. The research examines key digital surveillance tools, including sensor-based detection, drone surveillance, and computer vision systems, which enable real-time monitoring and rapid response to illegal crossings. These technologies improve the enforcement of customs regulations, ensuring that tax revenues from legitimate trade are maximized. Additionally, securing border trade routes fosters economic stability by creating a favorable environment for businesses and employment opportunities in border communities. Despite the benefits, implementing digital surveillance raises concerns about data privacy, high infrastructure costs, and potential misuse of surveillance systems. Striking a balance between national security and civil liberties remains a critical challenge. The study recommends the adoption of integrated surveillance systems, government investment in border technology, and policy frameworks that ensure ethical and effective use of digital monitoring tools. By leveraging advanced surveillance technologies, Kenya can significantly reduce border porosity, enhance revenue collection, and promote long-term economic growth while maintaining a secure and regulated trade environment.