Research on blockchain-enabled sustainable operations and government intervention strategies in high-water-consumption industries

ABSTRACT Given increasing environmental awareness and industrial upgrading demands, exploring technological innovation and water conservation strategies has become crucial for water-intensive industries’ sustainable development. This study examines the complex relationships between government intervention and strategic behaviors of upstream and downstream enterprises, emphasizing blockchain technology's role. Using a differential game approach, we analyze government intervention and enterprise operational strategies from a dynamic perspective, with Jiangsu J Paper Company as our case study. Results demonstrate that government intervention in water-intensive industries is both beneficial and necessary. Blockchain implementation has effectively encouraged greater government involvement and enhanced retailer marketing efforts. When manufacturers’ blockchain collaboration costs were minimal (below 0.01), significant improvements were observed: product technological sophistication increased by 28.57%, water conservation improved by 25.93%, government revenue rose by 28.22%, and manufacturer revenue grew by 35.46%. The study also determines optimal economic conditions for retailers’ successful blockchain implementation.These findings provide valuable guidance for policy formulation and strategic planning in water-intensive industries, contributing to their sustainable development through technological innovation and improved water management practices.