Clinical feasibility of quantifying the force-time characteristics of spinal mobilizations in the preschool-age pediatric population

• Measuring pediatric mobilization force-time characteristics is challenging. • The calibration method of the force sensor was not accurate. • Chiropractors and legal guardians were enthusiastic to participate. • The fingertip sensor did not alter the clinician’s tactile perception. • The additional time required for the encounters was acceptable. Spinal mobilizations are commonly employed to address neuromusculoskeletal disorders in children. However, there is limited data on the biomechanics of these interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using a fingertip force sensor to measure the force-time characteristics of spinal mobilizations delivered by chiropractors to children. Chiropractors were recruited through purposive sampling via the research team’s network, targeting those with a pediatric-focused practice and contacted via professional email. A force sensor was attached to their fingertip while they performed spinal mobilizations on patients aged five years and younger. Feasibility was assessed through five elements: recruitment of participants (chiropractors and children), data collection, acceptability and suitability, resources, and data quality. A thematic analysis was performed to categorize information related to each feasibility element into barriers and facilitators. A total of 6 chiropractors and 43 children participated in the study. Recruitment was successful, with all invited chiropractors agreeing to participate and children being recruited through their legal guardians. Data collection was feasible, though challenges with children’s cooperation led to repeated trials. Both chiropractors and legal guardians expressed general satisfaction; the sensor did not impact the clinicians' tactile sensitivity, and treatment time was not extended. Resource management was efficient, with no equipment malfunctions. Issues with sensor calibration and difficulties in visually confirming sensor positioning were noted. Data quality indicated data loss, particularly during cervical mobilization. This study indicates that, while using a fingertip force sensor does not interfere with the treatment process, several challenges, including calibration issues, were identified. These insights provide a basis for improving methodologies in pediatric manual therapy research. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05607355).