INFLUENCE OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS OF ESTERS AND AMINES ON DIESEL FUEL LUBRICITY

With the growth of diesel fuel consumption and the tightening of environmental standards, there is a growing need to develop effective anti-wear additives that improve the performance characteristics of the fuel. One of the key problems is the decrease in the lubricating ability of low-sulfur diesel fuel, which leads to accelerated wear of fuel equipment and a decrease in the reliability of engines.The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cyclic acetals and esters as anti-wear additives for diesel fuel. The paper presents an analytical review, experimental studies of the effect of various concentrations of additives on the lubricating properties of fuel, as well as an analysis of their impact on other physicochemical characteristics.The research methodology includes standardized tests on the HFRR apparatus according to ISO 12156, measurements of the wear scar diameter, viscosity, density and flash point of fuel with the addition of various additives. The results showed that the secondary amine 1,3-dioxolane demonstrated the best antiwear properties, reducing the wear scar diameter to 367 μm at a concentration of 0.04 %. Dietriol acetal and some esters with good lubricating properties were also effective. However, not all compounds showed a significant improvement in fuel characteristics. The proposed additives can be used to improve the performance characteristics of diesel fuel, which is important in the context of the transition to low-sulfur fuels and increased requirements for the durability of fuel equipment.