Exploring Microbial Nanoparticle Biosynthesis and Its Impact

ABSTRACT Nanomaterials, defined by their distinctive characteristics at the nanoscale, have received considerable attention across a variety of scientific fields, including medicine, environmental science, and material science, to name a few. While multiple methodologies are approached for synthesizing nanomaterials, the microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is increasingly favored over chemical synthesis due to its eco‐friendly nature, cost‐effectiveness, reduced toxicity, and enhanced biocompatibility. Furthermore, the synthesis of nanoparticles from microorganisms not only diversifies the properties of nanoparticles but also opens up innovative applications. This review aims to understand the biosynthesis of different nanoparticles from various microbes along with the characterization of those nanoparticles and it illuminates the practical applications and promising future directions of microbial‐mediated nanoparticles biosynthesis in various fields like medical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, environment, food processing, and so forth.