Development of the nonlinear in-vacuum kicker at Taiwan photon source

A nonlinear in-vacuum kicker (NIK) was developed to facilitate beam injection into the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) storage ring. The system consists of a titanium vacuum chamber that encloses a ceramic support structure, precisely aligning eight copper kicker coils to generate the desired nonlinear magnetic field profile. Experimental measurements show that the profile of the first magnetic integral closely aligns with simulation result. To reduce heating from image currents and minimize magnetic field attenuation, a 5 μm-thick titanium coating was applied to the ceramic surface. Outgassing rate measurements and pressure readings after bake-out and pump activation confirm that the nonlinear in-vacuum kicker meets the ultra-high vacuum (UHV) requirements for TPS storage ring operation. • In-vacuum configuration allows for a reduced vertical gap between the copper coils, thereby enhancing the kick strength for the injected beam. • Cost is reduced by utilizing an assembly of multiple ceramic components, eliminating the need for a coated ceramic chamber required in out-of-vacuum designs. • The uniformity of the titanium coating on ceramic substrates is easier to control than coatings applied inside a ceramic vacuum chamber, and can be maintained within 5 %. • With the internal coil routing, a lower inductance can be achieved compared to that of the external coil connection.