Next-Generation Battery Management Systems: Integrating RFID for Battery Passport Applications

With the rapid growth of electric vehicle (EV) production, efficient battery life cycle management has become increasingly critical, especially as the demand for second-life battery applications is mandated considering environmental aspects. The European Union's introduction of battery passports, aimed at enhancing battery traceability, presents new challenges for existing Battery Management Systems (BMS). The proposed solution of QR code tracking shows drawbacks when addressing scalability, local real-time monitoring, and data security concerns. Our work implements RFID technology as an extension of modular BMS architectures designed to meet the evolving requirements of battery passports and second-life battery use cases. By integrating NFC tags and leveraging this technology, the system enables secure, real-time data transmission between battery pack components and external readers, overcoming the limitations of QR codes. A demonstrator setup based on automotive-grade components validates the system's capability to monitor static and dynamic key battery parameters. The proposed solution offers a forward-looking approach to battery management, aligning with upcoming regulatory requirements while advancing the adoption of second-life battery management.