A Low-Cost Embedded Tic-Tac-Toe Robot Design Based on Non-Visual Detection

This paper proposes a low-cost and easily implementable tic-tac-toe robot based on non-visual detection, which overcomes several issues encountered in traditional visual solutions, particularly those related to lighting conditions during human-machine interactions. To achieve accurate detection of the chessboard and pieces, a sensor-based detection system is introduced. This approach leverages sensor technology to eliminate the impact of lighting interference, broadening the system's applicability and reducing detection time. For rapid piece grabbing and placement, a three-axis servo-driven robotic arm is designed, and motion control compensation is applied to the simple gripping mechanism to ensure stability and efficiency. To enhance decision-making and determine optimal moves, traditional heuristic search algorithms are improved, increasing the rationality and intelligence of the move selection. Experimental results demonstrate that the robot exhibits excellent performance. Furthermore, due to its low cost and the availability of readily accessible hardware components, it holds broad application potential and can be easily adapted for use in other chess-playing robot designs.