Proof-of-Concept Study on the Use of Virtual Reality with Evocative and Aesthetic Content for Elderly Individuals with Cognitive Decline

Recent technological advances have introduced novel therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study introduces a novel virtual reality (VR) intervention consisting of aesthetically pleasing and relaxing immersive videos paired with evocative music for patients with or without cognitive decline. The goal of this intervention is to improve the mood, evoke autobiographical memories in, and enhance the overall well-being of elderly individuals, across stages of cognitive decline (from absent to severe). Twenty-one elderly participants (5 cognitively healthy, 13 with a mild cognitive decline, 2 with a moderate decline, and 1 with a severe decline) were exposed to immersive 360-degree videos depicting both familiar and unfamiliar, pleasant and calming environments, accompanied by emotionally evocative, pleasant, and soothing music. The results demonstrated high levels of immersion and predominantly positive emotional responses, with several participants reporting autobiographical memory recall triggered by the VR stimulation. Statistical analysis revealed a significant improvement in mood over time, regardless of cognitive status, supporting the effectiveness of the intervention. While there were some side effects of fatigue or transient anxiety, the experience was generally perceived as engaging and meaningful. This feasibility study adds to the acceptability and potential clinical utility of VR interventions and provides a justification for future larger trials aimed at the integration of immersive technologies into cognitive rehabilitation interventions for individuals at different stages of cognitive decline.