The Impact of GDP Growth on Infant Mortality Reduction: Statistical Analysis Over 20 Years in 30 Countries

Our study aimed to examine the relationship between the under-5 infant mortality rate and a nation’s economic condition, as shown by log GDP. To investigate how economic growth affects child mortality rates in both rich and poor nations. Data from the World Bank Data covering the years 2001–2020 were used. The results demonstrate that there are notable differences in infant mortality rates between rich and poorer nations. Infant mortality and log GDP had a substantial inverse relationship, which was confirmed by Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis, indicating that greater infant mortality rates are linked to less economic progress. The results also show that growth in the economy has a greater effect on lowering infant mortality in low-income countries than in wealthy ones, as evidenced by the steeper decline in death rates. This implies that in areas of poverty, even small economic advancements might have a noticeable positive effect on health. The study concludes that lowering child mortality requires deliberate investments in maternal health initiatives, healthcare infrastructure, and preventive services. Economic growth is crucial to improving public health and promoting the welfare of future generations, so policymakers in low-income nations should give priority to these areas.