Bio-nano- micropolar fluid flow over a magnetized sphere with Newtonian heating, zero mass flux and induced magnetic field

This study examines the flow, heat, nanoparticle volume fraction and microorganism transfer of a micropolar bio-nanofluid over a solid sphere in a Darcy porous medium, incorporating Newtonian heating, Stefan blowing, zero mass flux, and an induced magnetic field as key factors relevant to biomedical, energy, and industrial applications. A numerical approach is used to solve the governing nonlinear equations by employing nonsimilar transformations along with the Keller-box method and successive substitution scheme for a detailed comparative analysis. The effects of parameters such as the bioconvection Rayleigh number (Rb), mixed convection parameter (λ), velocity slip (N 1 ), induced magnetic field (M), Stefan blowing (s), and Darcy number (Kp) are systematically explored. The results show that increasing λ enhances friction and microorganism density by 23%, whereas Rb increases microorganism concentration by 31%. The induced magnetic field reduces the thermal resistance, lowering the Nusselt number by 15%, and Stefan blowing increases microorganism concentration by 27%. Velocity slip is found to reduce friction by 19%, and non-similar solutions predicted up to 12% higher heat transfer rates than similar solutions, emphasizing the importance of considering non-similarity for accurate real-world modeling.