Morbidity of the population with leading nosological forms of endocrine pathology.

Introduction. Despite the progress of modern medicine, the problem of endocrine diseases is currently relevant for most countries of the world, and the Russian Federation is no exception. Diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases and obesity are the leaders in the structure of the incidence of endocrine diseases in the population. In this regard, it becomes relevant to study the incidence of these nosological forms in the population. An analysis of the scientific literature on this issue will allow us to identify the main directions for improving the existing system of medical care for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of people suffering from diabetes, thyroid diseases and obesity. The purpose to review the current problems and data on the incidence of leading nosological forms of endocrine pathology in the population, published in the scientific literature. Materials and methods. The literature review was conducted by searching for scientific papers on the topic of this research, published in the databases PubMed-Central, eLibrary by keywords: endocrine pathology, incidence of endocrine diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity, thyroid diseases. Scientific papers published in the period from 2019 to 2024 were selected from the primary generated register for analysis. in scientific journals and materials of scientific and practical events on the topic of this study. Results. There is a fairly high scientific and practical interest in the management of diseases of the endocrine system among the population. The high prevalence and steady growth of the population with the incidence of endocrine pathology is shown. According to the World Health Organization, there are more than 200 million people suffering from endocrine pathology in the world. In the Russian Federation, endocrine diseases are one of the most important medical and social problems. Diseases of the endocrine system are often accompanied by the development of complications that significantly shorten life expectancy and are triggers for the development of other pathologies. At the same time, endocrine diseases have a high «cost» both for the patient and for the entire healthcare system. The analysis of scientific literature shows that the leading nosologies of endocrine pathology in the structure of morbidity are diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases and obesity. Despite a deep understanding of the causes of their development, risk factors, available developments in early diagnosis, effective treatment, the problem of adverse outcomes in these diseases is still relevant. Conclusion. The purpose of this literature review is to demonstrate familiarity with the already known data on the relevant topic. An analysis of the scientific literature has shown that diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases and obesity are leading in the structure of morbidity. Published data on various aspects of the management of these diseases make it possible to navigate scientific papers on this topic. It has been established that, despite understanding the causes of their development, risk factors, and existing methods of early diagnosis and treatment, the problem of adverse outcomes and the search for effective measures to address them remains urgent.