Impact on mental health problems during coxsackievirus outbreak in the general public: Narrative review

Coxsackievirus group B (CVB), a member of the Picornaviridae family and enterovirus genus, poses risks during pregnancy due to its potential to cause severe fetal and neonatal infections. Transmission primarily occurs through fecal–oral routes, with infections peaking mostly in warmer months. Vertical transmission to the fetus can lead to conditions such as myocarditis, encephalitis, and systemic neonatal disease, presenting clinically as severe myocardial syndromes and neurological deficits. Diagnostic challenges include detecting asymptomatic maternal infections and conducting in utero assessments using advanced techniques like RT-PCR from amniotic fluid samples should be encouraged. Morbidity and mortality associated with congenital CVB infections are notable. Current treatments are limited to supportive care, with emerging therapies showing promise but requiring further study for efficacy. Mental health impact due to this virus results in speech development failure and autistic feature. Future research should aim to fill knowledge gaps in epidemiology, improve diagnostic capabilities, and develop targeted interventions to enhance maternal and fetal outcomes and other health issues due to this virus.