Reduced Order Modeling of Higher Order Fuel Cell System for Electric Vehicle Application

This study proposes the reduction of an eighth-order fuel cell system (FCS) using truncation reduction method (TRM) and Routh approximation method (RAM) for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The eighth-order EV's FCS is approximated into its comparatively lowered order approximated order (AO) models. The AO numerators of desired fuel cell models (FCMs) are derived by truncating the numerator coefficients of the eighth-order FCS using TRM. Additionally, RAM is employed to determine the AO FCMs' denominators of FCS. The effectiveness of derived FCMs is evaluated through qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative analysis involves plotting step response, impulse response, Bode diagram with magnitude and phase plots, and pole-zero map. Quantitative analysis presents time-domain specifications (TDSs) and error indices (EIs) in tabular form to assess the performance of proposed FCMs.