A Multi-Objective Approach for Energy Management of Data Center Microgrid Considering Carbon Emission and Operational Cost

Increase in global digitization, increases the demand for data centers and to provide a flexible and reliable service to end users its continuous operation is utmost priority. The continuous operation of data centers involves three major challenges such as rising bills for electricity, power outages and carbon emissions. Data center microgrids are effective choice to enhance reliability and energy efficiency for electrical services but, its optimized operation considering both operational cost and carbon emission needs to be addressed. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy management approach for data center microgrid considering energy storage system, renewable sources, and generation units. Consequently, a multi-objective optimisation problem is then formulated to optimize the operational cost and carbon emission. Five different metaheuristic optimization approaches are adopted to minimize the objective function. It is elucidated that grey wolf optimizer (GWO) outperforms among other used algorithms and obtained results give optimized operational cost and carbon emission as 34928.91 ($) and 150155.30 (Kg) respectively. Furthermore, a scenario for fixed price is investigated and obtained values of the operational cost and carbon emission are 71850.13 ($) and 204023.28 KG respectively.