Analysis of Control Methods for BLDC Motors in Electric Vehicle Powertrain Systems

The operation of an electric vehicle (EV) necessitates the use of a motor that is extremely durable, has a high-power density, and is very efficient. Because of its high power-to-weight ratio, the Brushless DC (BLDC) motor meets the quality standards set by the EV application. The effective control approaches will aid in matching the BLDC motor to the current requirements and applications. In this paper, a brief review of BLDC motor control techniques is presented. Further, mathematical modeling is used to develop proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control and self-tuning fuzzy logic PID (FLC-PID) control methods on the MATLAB-Simulink platform. The comparative analysis based on speed regulation, voltage behavior, current distortion, and energy consumption are presented for the two control techniques. It is found that the FLC- PID controller offers a robust and efficient solution for BLDC motor control in EVs, showing superior performance.