Comparative analysis of the facial intergnathic angle by skin and bone landmarks and its clinical significance

Methods for examining the facial profile remain relevant to this day and are used both in the assessment of the diversity of physiological and pathological occlusion. The search for optimal methods directs specialists to the development and comparative analysis of various research methods. Purpose. To develop methods for constructing the facial intergnathic angle from the skin and bone landmarks of the teleradiography and to conduct a comparative analysis in people with physiological and pathological occlusion. Materials and methods. A study of TRH and facial photographs was carried out in 57 patients with physiolic occlusion and 39 patients with malocclusion of various classes according to Engle. A method for constructing the facial intergnatic angle from the bone and skin landmarks of the TRH is proposed. When analyzing profile photographs, the same skin points were used as in the analysis of radiographs. Results and discussion. The results of the study of TRH in people with physiological occlusal norm showed that the average value of the mandibular angle varied from 112 to 130°, with an average value of (120.56 ± 6.88)°. At the same time, the average value of the facial intergonatic angle, measured both by skin and bone landmarks, was (7.11 ± 1.22)°, which allows us to consider this value as optimal for physiological occlusion. Conclusion. The proposed method of constructing and analyzing the facial intergnathic angle showed the identity of the parameters between the bone and skin angles. The optimal value of the facial intergnathic angle in the optimal position of the jaws and even in class I occlusion anomalies varies from 6 to 10°. An increase in the angle of more than 11° is characteristic of the gnatic form of distal occlusion. A decrease in the angle of less than 5° indicates a varying degree of the gnatic form of mesial occlusion.