Challenges of Radioactive Waste Management and Spent Nuclear Fuel Handling in the Context of Nuclear Energy Development

The article examines modern approaches to managing radioactive waste (RW) and spent nuclear fuel (SNF) amid the growing demand for nuclear energy. It focuses on the classification of RW, existing methods of processing and disposal, and analyzes international experience in this field. The discussion includes environmental and social aspects of handling RW and SNF, emphasizing the need for innovative technologies and strengthened international cooperation to ensure the safe and sustainable development of nuclear energy.