NTRU Lattice–Based Blockchain Consensus–Assisted Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle Authenticated Message Delivery in Internet of Vehicles

ABSTRACT The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has emerged as a promising application capable of enhancing transportation efficiency and providing a variety of mobile services to drivers. This IoV enables real‐time data sharing among vehicles and infrastructure, allowing for better traffic flow, reduced congestion, and optimized routes. By providing vehicles with real‐time information about nearby vehicles, road conditions, and potential hazards, IoV can significantly reduce the likelihood of accidents and improve overall road safety. Given the openness, continuous data production, distributed environment, and self‐organizing nature of IoV, it is susceptible to numerous malicious attacks. To ensure the authenticity of mobile services within IoV, we have proposed a robust authentic blockchain–based multisignature algorithm with Ethereum consensus mechanism. Blockchain's decentralized nature reduces the risk of single points of failure, making it more resilient against hacking and unauthorized access. In this system, all the transactions recorded on the blockchain are immutable, ensuring that the data remain accurate and tamper proof. This is crucial for maintaining trust in the information exchanged between vehicles. This also eliminates the need for a central authority, blockchain enables peer‐to‐peer interactions between vehicles, enhancing efficiency, and reducing latency. This security of the algorithm is based on short integer solution assumption can provide security even in the presence of quantum computers. The proposed algorithm is computationally efficient, and it uses th‐degree truncated polynomial ring unit (NTRU)–generated lattice with simple polynomials multiplication over a finite field. The results confirm that our proposed scheme is effective in enhancing security within the IoV environment.