Tendencies and prospects of interaction between scientific and educational institutions and business in the system of technology transfer management

Methods. The results of the scientific study presented in this article were obtained using the following research methods: theoretical generalization was used to study the interaction between scientific and educational institutions which produce «academic» research developments, and businesses within the technology transfer management system; systematization was applied to identify the advantages of academic technology transfer; quantitative analysis methods (statistical, econometric) was used to assess the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, identify trends in key indicators, and analyze their interrelationships; critical analysis and synthesis was used to identify the reasons for the low level of interaction between representatives of science and business. Results. The article demonstrates the importance of technology transfer as a connecting link between the scientific and educational institutions and business. The advantages of academic technology transfer are identified from the perspective of businesses, universities as producers of scientific developments, students, the country, and society. Approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of knowledge transfer are characterized, and trends and interrelationships of key indicators of such transfer are determined based on statistical data from the United States. The peculiarities of trend formation considering the specifics of the scientific research and commercialization of their results are determined. The main reasons for the low level of interaction between representatives of science and business in the technology transfer management system are identified and characterized. Novelty. The reasons for the low level of interaction between representatives of science and business have been determined based on the identified patterns of change and interrelationships of key indicators of knowledge transfer effectiveness, as well as the revealed benefits for its participants. Practical value. The scientific results can be useful for all participants in knowledge transfer, particularly for the state in shaping policies to support universities as centers of scientific development generation, for universities in improving the effectiveness of knowledge transfer offices, and for business seeking to develop in line with global trends.