Relationship Between the Mandibular Cortical Index and Periodontitis Stage/Grade: A Retrospective Radiographic Study

Background: In the literature, the relationship of the mandibular cortical index (MCI) with the stage and grade of periodontitis has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the stage and grade of periodontitis and MCI according to the current classification of periodontal disease. Methods: A total of 199 patients (119 females, 80 males) were included in this study. The study population consisted of patients with periodontitis and controls without periodontitis. The stage and grade of the patients with periodontitis were determined according to the criteria of the “2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions”. For this classification, patient records, including periodontal data and panoramic radiographs were used. The MCI values of the patients were also recorded by evaluating the same panoramic radiograph. The Pearson chi-square test was used to compare categorical data according to groups, and multiple comparisons were undertaken with the Bonferroni-corrected Z test. Results: The non-periodontitis (NP) group had the highest C1 type bone rate (p