Analysis of proximate and porosity variations in collagen powder derived from natural resources: <i>Thunnus albacares</i> skin with different NaCl concentrations

Abstract Collagen from natural resources like yellowfin tuna skin (Thunnus albacares) skin is an alternative source of halal collagen that is rich in protein. The characterization of collagen starts with proximate tests like water, ash, protein, and fat content. Collagen powder was synthesized with a variation of NaCl using the PaSC method to produce a higher collagen yield. The requirements for a material to be implemented in the oral cavity are biocompatible and have an ideal porosity size as a biomaterial. This research is to analyze proximate and determine the porosity level of the results of collagen extraction from Thunnus albacares skin with variations in NaCl concentration. The methods used for proximate analysis follow the SNI standards and the porosity was tested using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Proximate composition was 62,14% moisture content, 0,41% ash content, 1,5% fat content, and 34,9% protein content. The porosity level of collagen powder in groups K, P1, P2, and P3 were 71.04 μm, 79.99 μm, 103.06 μm, 129.41 μm sequentially. Collagen powder with the addition of 1.7 M NaCl has a greater porosity level compared to the groups without NaCl, 0.9 M NaCl, and 1.3 M NaCl.