Review of MXene-Based Nanocomposites for Gas Sensing

Since 2011, MXenes, a family of two-dimensional transition metal carbonitrides, nitrides, and carbides, have been identified as promising candidates for gas-sensing applications due to their high surface area, tunable electronic properties, and excellent mechanical and chemical stability. Recent progress has focused on improving their sensing performance, selectivity, and response/recovery times. Our Review offers a thorough summary of the most recent progress in the use of MXene-based nanocomposites for smart gas sensors. The study explores the synthesis of pure MXenes from different MAX phases using selective etching and suitable etchants and delaminating agents. It also discusses the characteristics of MXenes and their applications. Further analysis looks at how the performance of gas sensors is impacted by various parameters including humidity, thickness, surface area, concentration, temperature, functional groups, and substrate. Moreover, this Review discusses the existing difficulties in the subject and suggests potential avenues for future research to tackle these hurdles. This work intends to provide guidance for the fabrication of next-generation smart gas sensors using MXene-based nanocomposites. It summarizes recent developments and potential techniques, with the goal of enabling their applications in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and healthcare diagnostics.