The problem of classification in linguistics

It is no exaggeration to say that the first step in any academic field is the act of classification.Plants and animals, which are the subject of biology, are classified according to the similarity of their DNA, and the properties of elements, which are the basis of physics and chemistry, are organized according to the periodic table based on mass.Linguistics is no exception to the method of analyzing research subjects according to a certain classification.The most prominent classification in linguistics is the part of speech classification, which has been inherited from the time of Panini, who left behind a Sanskrit grammar book, and Thrax, who wrote Greek grammar.Even in current research books, it is common to define research subjects by verb categories such as perception verbs, psychological verbs, motion verbs, and thinking verbs, and there are also basic word orders such as SVO and SOV, and typological categories such as head marking/dependent marking.However, classification criteria for all categories are not clear.For example, when considering the expression of movement in Azerbaijani, "batmaq" means "sink" and "sink" expresses the mode of movement.It can be difficult to make a judgment, as it may seem that the verb is not in the correct category.This leads to problems with classification, which is the beginning of scientific analysis, such as "Which category should this verb be placed in?"This leads to questions such as "Even though linguistics is premised on being a science, linguistics does not have any standards for classification in the first place," and "Although linguistics seems to follow the conventional classifications adopted in linguistics, isn't this just an intuitive semantic classification?"[4] Furthermore, this question develops into a more fundamental question, such as "If a classification is only applicable in a certain research field, it is a response to a theoretical requirement and does not reflect the state of language that linguistics should originally be targeting."Although linguistics is considered to be a branch of science, this question undermines the premise of linguistics as a science, and at the same time, it makes it unclear what the subject and purpose of the academic discipline of linguistics is.The purpose of this paper is to question the validity of the various classifications used in linguistics, and in particular, to examine how classification based on meaning can be justified.As