Research Progress in the Regulation of Wave Absorbing Properties of Carbon-Based Materials

With the increasingly serious electromagnetic wave pollution, the development of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials has become a hot spot. Carbon based wave absorbing materials have excellent chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, strong dielectric loss, adjustable structure, easy composite, etc., and have broad development prospects as wave absorbing materials. In this paper, the research progress of carbon-based absorbing materials in recent years is reviewed, including carbon nanostructures in different dimensions (one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional) and various types of carbon composites (dielectric/carbon, magnetic/carbon). Based on the absorption mechanism of electromagnetic wave, the factors affecting the absorption properties are discussed, including electrical conductivity, dielectric constant and magnetic permeability. The representative carbon-based wave absorbing materials and their mechanism of wave absorbing ability are analyzed. The modification strategies of carbon based absorbing materials are summarized, and the future research direction of carbon based absorbing materials is prospected.