<i>Per dynamin</i> – <i>per energian</i>: Hrotsvit of Gandersheim’s knowledge of Greek

This paper investigates Hrotsvit of Gandersheim’s knowledge of Greek. It proceeds from three questions. First, what resources for learning Greek were available in tenth‐century Germany? Second, were there any figures in her ambit from whom she could have learned? (I suggest two: sisters Hadwig of Swabia and Gerberga II of Gandersheim.) And third, what evidence exists in Hrotsvit’s works that could indicate Greek competency? Taking her use of dynamis and energia as a test case, I conclude, based on the preponderance of the evidence, fundamental competence in Greek for Hrotsvit should be considered highly likely.