Development of Primary and Vocational Education for Women in Mykolaiv Region in Documents of the Fonds of Ancient Acts of the State Archives of Mykolaiv Region

The purpose of the study is to highlight the history of the development of women’s education in Mykolaiv Region in the period before 1917 based on the analysis of archival documents from the old records fonds of the State Archives of Mykolaiv Region. The methodology is based on the principles of historicism; a systematic approach and interdisciplinary methods were used, which made it possible to reveal the interconnection of educational processes with the social and economic needs of the region. The scientific novelty. For the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the activities of women’s educational institutions in Mykolaiv Region in the 19th – early 20th centuries has been conducted, in particular, parish schools, pro-gymnasiums, and gymnasiums. Little-known aspects of the activities of these educational institutions have been revealed. Particular attention has been paid to their activities, organizational structure, socio-cultural influence, and the participation of military and civil administrations in the formation of primary education for women. For the first time, a quantitative analysis of students in the region's educational institutions has been carried out, based on which the percentage of girls among students has been determined and its dynamics over the studied period have been traced. A special emphasis has been placed on examining the organization of the activities of educational institutions for girls, their social significance, and their impact on the educational and cultural development of the region. European trends in women’s education that influenced the local educational context have been taken into account. Prospects for further studies lie in exploring the interaction of women's education with other social institutions of the region, in particular, the role of religious communities, public organizations, and private initiatives in the creation and financing of educational institutions. The conclusions. Women’s educational institutions in Mykolaiv Region corresponded to general European trends regarding the expansion of educational opportunities for women. They contributed to the formation of new social standards, the preparation of women for professional life, and the expansion of their participation in social development. References: 1. Anishchenko, O. V. (2000). Rozvytok profesiinoi osvity zhinok v Ukraini (druha polovyna XIX – pochatok XX st.) [Development of women’s vocational education in Ukraine (second half of the 19th – early 20th century)] (Candidate’s thesis). Instytut pedahohiky i psykholohii profesiinoi osvity APN Ukrainy. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].2. Drach, O. O. (2010). Osvita zhinocha v Ukraini [Women’s education in Ukraine]. In Entsyklopediia istorii Ukrainy [Encyclopedia of the history of Ukraine]. Smolii V. A. et al (Eds.). (Vol. 7, pp. 644–647). Kyiv [in Ukrainian].3. Drach, O. O. (2014). Suchasni istoryko-osvitni doslidzhennia : tradytsii ta novatsii metodolohii [Modern historical-educational research : traditions and innovations in methodology]. Visnyk Cherkaskoho universytetu. Seriia : Istorychni nauky, 9(302), 5–11. Cherkasy [in Ukrainian].4. Drach, O. О. (2001). Rozvytok pochatkovoi osvity v Ukraini (1861–1917 rr.) [Development of Primary Education in Ukraine (1861–1917)] (Candidate’s thesis). Kharkivskyi derzhavnyi pedahohichnyi unsversytet im. H. S. Skovorody. Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].5. Kartuzov, K. (2024). Navchalni zaklady Mykolaieva u dokumentakh fondu «Kantseliariia Mykolaivskoho viiskovoho hubernatora» (Derzhavnyi arkhiv Mykolaivskoi oblasti) [Educational institutions in Mykolaiv in the documents of the «Office of the Mykolaiv Military Governor» fond (State Archive of the Mykolaiv Region)]. Starozhytnosti Lukomoria, 4, 20–31. Retrieved from https://is.gd/RIktF2 [in Ukrainian].6. Levchenko, L. (2006). Istoriia Mykolaivskoho i Sevastopolskoho viiskovoho hubernatorstva (1805–1900) [History of the Mykolaiv and Sevastopol Military Governorship (1805–1900)]. Mykolaiv : Vyd-vo MDHU im. P. Mohyly [in Ukrainian].7. Shytiuk, M. M. & Shchukin, V. V. (2008). Yevreiske naselennia Khersonskoi hubernii v ХІХ – na pochatku ХХ st. [Jewish Population of the Kherson Province in the 19th – Early 20th Century]. Mykolaiv : Vyd-vo Iryny Hudym [in Ukrainian].8. Sukhenko, T. V. (2000). Serednia zhinocha osvita v Ukraini (XIX – pochatok XX st.) [Secondary women’s education in Ukraine (19t – early 20th century)] (Candidate’s thesis). Kyivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Tarasa Shevchenka. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].9. Tronko, T. V. (2001). Diialnist orhaniv derzhavnoi vlady v haluzi zhinochoi serednoi osvity v Naddniprianskii Ukraini druhoi polovyny XIX stolittia [Activities of government bodies in the field of women’s secondary education in Dnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th century] (Extended abstract of candidate’s thesis). Zaporizkyi derzhavnyi universytet. Zaporizhzhia [in Ukrainian].