Managing the Ecosystem of the Mining Region of the North Caucasus

It has been shown that the scope of impact of mineral production and processing technologies on the environment must be determined based on statistical dependences for traditional and environmental technologies. It has been identified that the parameters for mineral production mining technology can be reasonably chosen based on an economic-mathematical model, whose objective function is maximum revenues whereas the limiting conditions are the ratio of damage and compensating expenses. The concept of ecological and economic management of the environmental state by reducing the negative impact of solid and liquid wastes of production and processing has been detailed. The model has been developed; the mechanism of the ecologic and economic evaluation of production technologies that features a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of nature conservation has been determined. The interconnections between physical and chemical processes in the mass of solid and liquid wastes and the environment in the mountain regions have been revealed. It has been proved that mining operations within mountain regions critically affect the environmental state. The role of metal-containing geomaterials lost in the subsoils of destroyed ores and piled on the surface in ecosystem destruction has been determined. A mechanism of technology efficiency evaluation that helps identify the reasonability of adopting new technological solutions that reduce the anthropogenic impact on the ecosystem has been proposed.