Refractory Hyperkalemia With Type 4 Renal Tubular Acidosis Associated With Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Renal Papillary Necrosis Following Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy in a Cat

To the authors' knowledge, this is the first description of type 4 RTA in a cat. Furthermore, we hypothesize that, according to the histopathological findings, this presentation of AKI may be secondary to the use of IV lipid emulsion for permethrin toxicosis, a complication not previously reported in the veterinary literature.